Hard by a crystal fountain

Song Meaning

This pastoral scene paints a picture of idealized beauty and reverence surrounding a sleeping figure named Oriana. The setting is idyllic: a "crystal fountain," hushed winds, and finely chirping birds create a tranquil atmosphere. The lyrics immediately establish Oriana as a figure of exceptional worth, deserving of a crown "Heav'n for her reserveth," suggesting a destiny or inherent nobility beyond mortal recognition. The dominant tone is one of serene admiration and gentle adoration, almost like a sacred tableau. The central tension arises from the contrast between Oriana's passive, sleeping state and the active, almost urgent call for others to acknowledge her magnificence. She is presented as a source of sustenance and inspiration, capable of maintaining "the shepherd's life and yours." This elevates her beyond mere beauty; she is a benevolent force, prompting a collective shift in focus from mundane duties (keeping lambs, attending bowers) to her presence. The most striking craft element is the direct address and apostrophe. The narrator imploys shepherds and nymphs to abandon their tasks and attend to Oriana, creating a sense of communal devotion. The repetition of "fair Oriana" and the final acclamation, "Long live fair Oriana!" solidify her status as an object of widespread veneration. This direct appeal underscores the power attributed to her, even in sleep. These lyrics are effective because they construct a potent image of almost divine feminine grace and influence. The carefully chosen words like "crystal," "bright," and "deserveth" imbue Oriana with an ethereal quality. The collective song of shepherds and nymphs at the end transforms the scene from a quiet observation into a powerful, celebratory tribute, leaving the listener with a sense of awe for this seemingly perfect, revered figure.